All Fermi answers
Fermi #88 · Question 3

How many people alive today are identical twins?

Explore the official answer and the simple reasoning behind this Fermi estimate.

3QUESTION 3 OF 3

Answer & explanation

The official answer, with Fermi’s reasoning step by step.

Answer & explanation

Official answer

60,000,000

people

How to estimate it

Fermi’s official “Napkin math”

Again, the best place to start is the world's population. How many humans are identical twins? It's rare, you might know one pair. Maybe 1 in 100 people.

World population
8,000,000,000
Identical twins
≈ 1 in 100
8B ÷ 100
≈ 80,000,000

Rounded assumptions may give a slightly different estimate. The official answer above is the game’s reference value.

Source calculation & reference
Identical twin pairs per 1,000 deliveries, about the same everywhere (Monden, Pison and Smits, Human Reproduction 2021)
≈ 4
Two babies per pair, so share of people born an identical twin
≈ 0.8%
World population 8.2B × 0.8%
≈ 65,000,000
Less twins' higher child mortality, rounded
≈ 60,000,000

Reference cited by Fermi: Monden, Pison and Smits, Human Reproduction (2021): about 4 identical pairs per 1,000 deliveries

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